bladder-cancer

Melatonin boosts BCG immunotherapy against bladder cancer in mouse models.

BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) intravesical immunotherapy is the standard adjuvant treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer but has efficacy limitations and recurrence. This study tested whether melatonin could enhance BCG's anti-tumor effects in a murine bladder cancer model.

bladder-cancer

Low albumin before avelumab immunotherapy predicts poor survival in bladder cancer patients.

In 59 mUC patients on maintenance avelumab, hypoalbuminemia was the only independent predictor of poor PFS (HR 2.70, p=0.013). Hypoalbuminemia patients had median PFS of 3.3 vs. 12.0 months and OS of 9.3 months vs. not reached compared to normal albumin patients.